{"id":2895,"date":"2011-12-23T14:32:02","date_gmt":"2011-12-23T14:32:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/?p=2895"},"modified":"2021-03-05T17:52:15","modified_gmt":"2021-03-05T17:52:15","slug":"beyond-the-ssp-and-solidarity-forgive-and-forget-or-listen-learn-and-then-move-on","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/2011\/12\/23\/beyond-the-ssp-and-solidarity-forgive-and-forget-or-listen-learn-and-then-move-on\/","title":{"rendered":"Beyond The SSP And Solidarity &#8211; \u2018Forgive And Forget\u2019 or \u2018Listen, Learn And Then Move On\u2019?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>INTRODUCTION<\/h2>\n<p>The rise and initial success of the Scottish Socialist Party (<acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>), between 1998-2004, was a significant historical event, not only for the history of the Left in Scotland (with knock-on effects in the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym> and Europe), but also in the wider world of Scottish politics. It is therefore vital that we account for this success, despite the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s subsequent fall from grace. This record can not just be left to cynical media and academic figures who have claimed that the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> project was always doomed from the start, so we should all just accept the current world order and make the best of it.\u00a0Nor can we leave the accounting to those Jeremiahs in their \u2018revolutionary\u2019 sects, who cover their own inability to grow significantly, by issuing their anathemas and pouring scorn on those who try.<\/p>\n<p>Before the First World War, Rosa Luxemburg said that the choice facing humanity then was \u2018Socialism or Barbarism\u2019. Istvan Meszaros has modified this for today\u2019s crisis-ridden world of corporate imperialism, with its austerity drives, mounting environmental degradation, and the continued threat to humanity posed by weapons of mass destruction. He claims that the choice we face now is\u00a0&#8211; \u2018Socialism or barbarism if we are lucky\u2019!<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, to provide new hope, we must account for the factors that contributed to the initial success of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, and see what can still be useful in the future. However, any meaningful accounting also means identifying those weaknesses, which contributed to the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s decline, so that these are not repeated.<\/p>\n<p>Many, from either side of the \u2018Tommygate\u2019 divide, still hold fond enough memories of \u201cthe good old days\u201d before the split, to hope that something like the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> can be built again. Recently, some have even been tempted to say, \u201cLet us forgive and forget\u201d. This may sound attractive, in the face of the current unprecedented attacks on our class. However, such a stance would just lead to the repeat of earlier mistakes, perhaps in more desperate situations.<\/p>\n<p>This contribution, which is also based on a strong desire to rebuild that lost unity, argues that to be successful in such an endeavour, we need instead to \u2018listen, learn and then move on\u2019. Then we can indeed recreate socialist unity, but on a higher basis. We must take account of those challenges, which the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> failed to meet, to better prepare ourselves for those that we will certainly meet in the future.<\/p>\n<h2>1. THE STRENGTHS OF THE <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym><\/h2>\n<h3>a) Politics<\/h3>\n<p>The drive for greater socialist unity in Scotland originated in the experience of the Anti-Poll Tax Campaign. This drew together socialists and communists from diverse backgrounds in a successful struggle against the Tories and their official Labour Party helpers &#8211; one of the very few. Later campaigns against water privatisation, the Criminal Justice Bill, and in support of the Liverpool Dockers, also brought socialists and communists in Scotland together in common campaigns.<\/p>\n<p>Militant, a section of the Committee for a Workers International (<acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>), led by Peter Taffe, had learned, through the bitter experience of the Liverpool Council Fightback and the Anti-Poll Tax Campaign, that conducting a successful major struggle was incompatible with membership of the Labour Party (<acronym title=\"Labour Party\">LP<\/acronym>), and that Labour is an anti-working class party that acts as a block to socialism.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> majority<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The Socialist Appeal minority, led by Ted Grant, has remained committed to deep entrism inside the Labour Party, without any visible effect.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> formed Scottish Militant Labour (<acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym>) to challenge Labour more effectively. However, <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> went beyond this, and drew upon the experience of those earlier working class campaigns. With the help of others, they initiated the wider Scottish Socialist Alliance (<acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym>), in 1996, to draw in these forces, as well as those members in the Labour Party and the Scottish National Party (<acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>) concerned about their parties\u2019 rightwards drift. In the process, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> in Scotland changed from being the organisationally independent <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> to becoming the International Socialist Movement (<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>), a platform in the new <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym>. They called for the unity of socialists in Scotland.<\/p>\n<p>The size of <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> was important. Others had called for socialist unity before the <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> had been able to ditch its Labour Party entrist past, and to seriously consider such an initiative. However, it needed an organisation with a certain critical mass to make any such unity initiative gel.\u00a0In Ireland, for example, there have been a number of politically experienced people who were inspired by the example of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. They formed the Irish Socialist Network to bring about such socialist unity there. However, they have not had the critical mass to create an Irish Socialist Alliance, then to build this up into an Irish Socialist Party.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> wanted to build a wider organisation, which was not just a front for its own tendency &#8211; something that proved a stumbling block for the Socialist Alliance in England (and Wales), where <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>&#8216;s parent organisation, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>, prevented this. This problem was highlighted there by the competitive sectarianism of the Socialist Workers Party (<acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>) and the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/Socialist Party (<acronym title=\"Socialist Party\">SP<\/acronym>) (as Militant later became in England and Wales).<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> also wanted the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> to move quickly beyond being an alliance, which might end up as little more than an electoral non-aggression pact between different participating organisations. Today, in Ireland, this remains a strong danger with the recently formed United Left Alliance (<acronym title=\"United Left Alliance\">ULA<\/acronym>). The <acronym title=\"United Left Alliance\">ULA<\/acronym> is heavily constrained in any attempt to move forwards to a new united party by the desire of its two major components, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Socialist Party\">SP<\/acronym>-Ireland and People before Profit (an Irish <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> front), to preserve their own control above all else. The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym>, however, was able to move on and become the Scottish Socialist Party (<acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>) in 1998.<\/p>\n<p>When it was founded, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> drew in other political groups or some of their key activists. Allan Green had pushed from the start to get the Socialist Movement (socialists in the <acronym title=\"Labour Party\">LP<\/acronym>) signed up, whilst Bill Bonnar of the Communist Party of Scotland, and George Mackin, former member of the editorial board of <cite>Liberation<\/cite> (socialist Republicans in the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>) joined up. Members of the Trotskyist United Secretariat for the Fourth International (<acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>) in Scotland joined, although they did not constitute themselves as a platform. The Red Republicans, who emerged from the Anti-Poll Tax Struggle in the Lothians, and the Dundee-based Campaign for a Federal Republic also joined. These two organisations later merged, on a new political basis, to form another <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> platform, the Republican Communist Network (<acronym title=\"Republican Communist Network\">RCN<\/acronym>). The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> soon threw itself into activity in support of the Glacier workers\u2019 occupation in Glasgow, then in a variety of actions to save schools and other council facilities.<\/p>\n<p>By 2002, all the major political groups in Scotland were in one political organisation<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The Socialist Workers Party (<acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>) was the last to join the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> in 2002, forming the Socialist Workers Platform.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> &#8211; the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>.\u00a0The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> eventually included left Scottish nationalists, e.g. the Scottish Republican Socialist Movement (<acronym title=\"Scottish Republican Socialist Movement\">SRSM<\/acronym>), many in the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>, and some ex-<acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>&#8216;ers; left British unionists, e.g. the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>, <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>, Workers Unity<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Workers Unity was an amalgam the Communist Party of Great Britain-<cite>Weekly Worker<\/cite>, Alliance for Workers Liberty and the Glasgow Marxists.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> and some ex-Labourists; and socialist republicans, e.g. the <acronym title=\"Republican Communist Network\">RCN<\/acronym> and others. Key figures from the Labour and <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> Lefts joined, e.g. John McAllion and Ron Brown (ex-Labour MPs), Hugh Kerr (ex-Labour <acronym title=\"Member of the European Parliament\">MEP<\/acronym>), Lloyd Quinan (ex-<acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> <acronym title=\"Member of the Scottish Parliament\">MSP<\/acronym>). The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> included socialist and radical Feminists, and a small number of green Socialists<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The Scottish Green Party still retained the majority of activists in this particular arena, despite there being no openly organised Green Left in the party, unlike in England and Wales.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>Tommy Sheridan (former <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym>) was elected to Holyrood in 1999. He was re-elected, along with Frances Curran and Colin Fox (both former <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym>), Rosemary Byrne (former president of Irvine Trades Council), Carolyn Leckie (prominent Unison activist and strike leader) and\u00a0Rosie Kane (environmental activist), in 2003. An impressive 117,709 votes were gained in this election. Keith Baldassara (former <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym>) and Jim Bollan (former CP member and Labour leader of Dunbartonshire Council) were also elected as local councillors. This was a considerable achievement. It showed that the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> had become an important force amongst a significant section of class-conscious workers in Scotland.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> were seen to give public support to workers in struggle, including nursery nurses and working class communities occupying threatened public services. Tommy had been very publicly arrested in 2003, whilst Rosie was jailed for failing to pay a fine in 2005, as a result of the protests they made at the Faslane nuclear base. This highlighted the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s policy of committing its elected representatives to taking direct action when it was deemed appropriate. The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> policy of having a worker\u2019s representative on a worker\u2019s wage was actually implemented by the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> between 1999 and 2007.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> provided inspiration for the Socialist Alliances in England and Wales, and for the Irish Socialist Network. It also formed a part of the new European Anti-Capitalist Left (<acronym title=\"European Anti-Capitalist Left\">EACL<\/acronym>). The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> inspired the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>, including its largest European section, the Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) in France. They later went on to form the wider New Anti-Capitalist Party (NPA) in 2009.<\/p>\n<p>After the split in 2006, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> continued to form part of the <acronym title=\"European Anti-Capitalist Left\">EACL<\/acronym>, standing candidates under its banner in the Euro-elections of 2009, whilst the breakaway Solidarity retreated into the left British chauvinism of the No2EU campaign<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[5]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The No2EU electoral alliance was forged between the \u2018British roaders\u2019 of the\u00a0Communist Party of Britain (<acronym title=\"Communist Party of Britain\">CPB<\/acronym>) and the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> played a prominent part in the build-up of the Anti-War Movement, beginning in October 2001 with its principled and active opposition to the war in Afghanistan, and culminating, on February 15<sup>th<\/sup> 2003, with the massive Anti-Iraq War demonstration in Glasgow, led by the Scottish Coalition for Justice not War. The many marches, held all over the world on that day, formed the largest international demonstration yet witnessed<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[6]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The Stop the War Coalition organised the massive London demonstration. It was formed by the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> in alliance with the Murray\/Griffiths\/Haylett group in the <acronym title=\"Communist Party of Britain\">CPB<\/acronym>, and has been organised around minimalist popular frontist politics. The <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> had also joined the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> during the previous year.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> played the leading part in organising the wider European Left opposition to the G8 Summit at Gleneagles in July 2005. Four of its <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym>, Carolyn, Colin, Frances and Rosie organised a protest in Holyrood against its failure to stand up to <acronym title=\"United States\">US<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym> security force attempts to severely curtail the right to protest at Gleneagles. The four <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> were suspended and the party was heavily fined. This led to international solidarity, including support from the acclaimed black poet, Benjamin Zephaniah<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[7]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Later in 2006, when Alan McCombes was jailed for his principled refusal to hand over the party\u2019s minutes to the bourgeois courts, virtually the whole membership rallied once more to raise the money to pay the imposed fine. It only became clearer later, that the beneficial political effect of Alan\u2019s brave action was being sabotaged by some of Tommy&#8217;s supporters with their secret submission to the authorities of a false set of minutes to provide himself and his new political allies with some cover, and to prepare a new attack on the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leaderships recognised that there is a National Question in Scotland and that socialists should consciously address it. Although left Scottish nationalism remained a strong pull on the leaderships of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and later the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, republicanism made considerable inroads. The party backed the Calton Hill Declaration, and the successful protest at the royal opening of the new Scottish Parliament building on October 9<sup>th<\/sup>, 2004. This was the last <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> big event to gain favourable wider publicity<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[8]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Tommy resigned as <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> Convenor a month later.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> contained a well-organised Feminist element with articulate women prominent in the party. The hotly debated and controversial 50:50 rule, addressing the issue of women\u2019s representation at all levels of the party, was passed at the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s 2002 Conference in Dundee. This contributed to the election of four women out of a total of six <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> in May 2003 &#8211; the highest percentage for any party in Europe.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> was also able to draw support from influential cultural figures, e.g. the Proclaimers, Belle and Sebastian, Peter Mullen and Ken Loach.<\/p>\n<p>At the height of its success between 1999 and 2004, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> enabled socialist politics to gain a public visibility. This meant that the ideas put forward by openly declared socialists became the topic of conversation, discussion and debate in workplaces and communities throughout Scotland.<\/p>\n<h3>b) Organisation<\/h3>\n<p>With the founding of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> in 1996, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> committed its resources and experienced organisers, at national and local level, to the new organisation. As <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> platform members, they took responsibility for developing the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym>, and later the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. However, in many areas, particularly where there was little or no <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> presence, other experienced socialist and communist activists played a key role in developing local branches, and exerting pressure to ensure that democratic practice became more embedded in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, and to encourage the development of an open, non-sectarian culture.<\/p>\n<p>A majority amongst the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>, who constituted the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leaderships, appreciated the need to exercise a less tight political control over the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> membership than the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> leadership had desired. The <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> was more prepared to listen to suggestions from people who came from other political backgrounds, and with these comrades\u2019 help, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> was able to develop open active branches and democratic structures.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> majority<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[9]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> leadership under Taffe became increasingly hostile to the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> majority. The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> wanted the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> to be a \u2018party\u2019 front organisation. Therefore, they attempted to curtail the autonomy of the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>. The majority of <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members in Scotland, led by Alan McCombes and Tommy Sheridan, broke with the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>.<br \/>\n<br \/>The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> minority formed the International Socialists platform in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. In 2010, some time after they helped to set up Solidarity (in 2006), they changed their name to the Socialist Party of Scotland (<acronym title=\"Socialist Party of Scotland\">SPS<\/acronym>), to complement the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> section in England and Wales, usually just styled the Socialist Party to avoid the unfortunate acronym &#8211; <acronym title=\"Socialist Party England and Wales\">SPEW<\/acronym>! However, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\u2019s declaration of the <acronym title=\"Socialist Party of Scotland\">SPS<\/acronym> was a strong indication that they had given up on Solidarity, which they had originally sponsored, as a longer-term vehicle for forming a new wider party in Scotland, hopefully when they formed the majority and could control it.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> made a considerable contribution to building a wider more inclusive <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> (later <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>). This provided a striking contrast to the behaviour and unity initiatives undertaken by their original <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> mentors. The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Socialist Party\">SP<\/acronym> walked out of the Socialist Alliance in England, when they could not dominate it (that role was left to the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>!). Their Campaign for a New Workers Party has proved abortive, because of its inability to attract or hold on to wider socialist forces, whilst the Trade Union and Socialist (electoral) Coalition is turned on and off according to the needs of the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Socialist Party\">SP<\/acronym>. The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> (and <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>) treats any unity initiative either as a \u2018party\u2019-front or as a recruiting ground. Therefore, the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>\u2019s support for developing an inclusive multi-platform party did represent a considerable achievement, and a big break from the Left\u2019s past sectarian practice.<\/p>\n<p>Platform rights were allowed and respected to a considerable degree. The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> constituted a united front of self-declared revolutionaries and left reformists. Comrades could openly state their support for revolutionary politics. A real culture of debate and comradeliness developed in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, which for a time was even able to rein in some of the sectarian practices of the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[10]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Of course, those who had originally been in the Militant\/<acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> had already broken with many of that organisation\u2019s sectarian practices, highlighted by split of the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> from its ranks. <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> members, however, were not in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> for long enough (2003-6) to shed members for similar reasons. The <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> leadership also shielded itself by providing its members with an even more hard-wired sectarian training than the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>. Gregor Gall was the only prominent former member, who stayed in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>.<br \/>\n<br \/>However, the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>\u2019s sojourn within the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> did have some longer-term effects on its politics, even after they left. Neil Davidson, who had been the main theoretician for the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>\u2019s left unionism, later managed to get the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> to move to tentative support for a \u2018Yes\u2019 vote in a future Scottish Independence referendum.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>Despite some undoubted remaining problems, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> were more democratic than all previous left groups in Scotland and the wider <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>. <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> conferences were organised where genuine debates took place in a largely comradely fashion. Attractive \u2018Socialism\u2019 events, with outside speakers, were also organised.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> branches were soon formed in every part of Scotland, including the Western Isles and Orkney and Shetland. This represented the most extensive support for socialist politics in Scotland that had been achieved so far.<\/p>\n<h2>2) THE WEAKNESSES OF THE <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym><\/h2>\n<h3>a)\u00a0Politics<\/h3>\n<p>The development and handling of \u2018Tommygate\u2019 turned out to be the most public failing of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. One effect of this was to disguise some other weaknesses, which would undoubtedly have emerged more clearly after the election of its six <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> in 2003. The political conditions, which led to these other problems, were created by the international Left\u2019s inability to prevent the Iraq War in 2003, and the decline of working class action in the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>, including Scotland.<\/p>\n<p>The electoral setbacks of the European Left in subsequent (pre-2007 Crash) elections, including those in Italy, France and Ireland, demonstrated this. The Scottish Greens also lost five of their seven <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> in 2007. If \u2018Tommygate\u2019 had not happened then the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> would still probably have been reduced from six to one <acronym title=\"Member of the Scottish Parliament\">MSP<\/acronym> in that election &#8211; i.e. Tommy. And he thought he was smart in helping to create Solidarity as his own special fan club to further advance his own celebrity politics!<\/p>\n<p>Yet, there had been no prior public questioning in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> of the promotion of the Tommy \u2018myth\u2019. This failing was to have dire consequences. When \u2018Tommygate\u2019 erupted in 2004, the leadership was left floundering over how to deal with a \u2018Tommy\u2019 who had been their very own creation. This confused many members and supporters who began to look elsewhere &#8211; often either to the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>, or even back to the Labour Party.<\/p>\n<p>Remarkably, as Tommy had moved further and further into the world of celebrity politics (aided by his new wife, Gail, whom he married in 2000), the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership allowed him to build up an entirely new public image for himself as the Daniel O\u2019Donnell of the Left. (He later utilised this in court to claim his leisure activities were largely confined to playing Scrabble with Gail!) This involved publicly turning his back on his pre-marriage image as the Errol Flynn of the Left (which he wistfully recalled in his chats with Coolio on <cite>Big Brother<\/cite>).<\/p>\n<p>Key <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership figures knew from early on that this new public image was false, but did not challenge Tommy\u2019s hypocrisy. However, even if Tommy had been able to make a \u2018Doris Day\u2019<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[11]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Doris Day, the former <acronym title=\"United States\">US<\/acronym> movie star, is remembered for having successfully made the transition from more sexually risqu\u00e9, Film Noir movies in the immediate post-war period to becoming the personification of the squeaky clean all-American woman demanded of movie stars during the Cold War. As one of her long-term acquaintances recalled, \u201cI can remember Doris Day before she became a virgin!\u201d<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> like conversion, socialists should still not have been involved in allowing the public promotion of such a conservative, 1950\u2019s, family man image.<\/p>\n<p>When Solidarity was formed in 2006, it became, in effect, the Continuity Sheridan-<acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. Celebrity politics were enshrined at its founding conference, with the virtual anointment of Tommy by his mother, Alice Sheridan. With Tommy in prison for the 2011 Holyrood election, Solidarity sought a new celebrity candidate in the form of George Galloway, accountable to nobody but himself.<\/p>\n<p>The resort to celebrity politics was not, however, rejected in principle by the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership after the split. An attempt was made by the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> International Committee to highlight this wider problem amongst the Left in Britain (e.g. Derek Hatton, Ken Livingstone, Arthur Scargill and George Galloway), in a leaflet for the 2008 Convention of the Left in Manchester. However, a section of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership suppressed this because it might have upset Galloway and his then Socialist Resistance supporters<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[12]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Galloway was then strongly supported by the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>, whose Scottish supporters remained in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and in <cite>Frontline<\/cite>. The <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> had experienced its own split in Scotland as result of \u2018Tommygate\u2019. Its most prominent members, Gordon Morgan and the late Rowland Sherret joined Solidarity. However, with the backing of the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>\u2019s British section, Socialist Resistance (<acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym>), the majority of <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> members in Scotland remained in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. They began to up the previously virtually non-existent public profile of the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, by selling <cite>Socialist Resistance<\/cite> and through openly putting forward motions to Conference, e.g. supporting the <acronym title=\"European Anti-Capitalist Left\">EACL<\/acronym> Euro-election challenge.<br \/>\n<br \/>Ironically <acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym> was later to break with Galloway and his Respect organisation.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>Celebrity politics, however, are just one aspect of a wider populism, which avoids the open promotion of socialist politics. Promoting populism is a quite different matter to promoting popular politics in order to extend openly socialist ideas beyond their traditional narrow organisational confines. Populist politics, which downplay the centrality of the working class, have often revealed themselves in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. Although the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> stood as part of the <acronym title=\"European Anti-Capitalist Left\">EACL<\/acronym> in the 2009 Euro-elections, it ditched the <acronym title=\"European Anti-Capitalist Left\">EACL<\/acronym>\u2019s own slogan, \u2018Make the Bosses Pay for their Crisis\u2019, and retreated to the vacuous, non-class specific, \u2018Make Greed History\u2019<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[13]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">There was a time when the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership knew better. The NGOs\u2019 churchy slogan \u2018Make Poverty History\u2019 was adopted in the lead up to the huge Edinburgh march preceding the Gleneagles G8 Summit in July 2005. The white-clad \u2018Make Poverty History\u2019 organisers, attendant pop celebrities and demonstrators (and their <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> backers) begged the G8 leaders, in effect, for a nicer corporate imperialism. The red-clad <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> demonstrators countered this forelock-tugging call with \u2018Make Capitalism History\u2019.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>This resort to left populism, though, was not as bad as Solidarity\u2019s support for No2EU\u2019s, \u2018No to social dumping\u2019 &#8211; a right populist, thinly disguised racist attack on migrant workers, reminiscent of the <acronym title=\"National Front\">NF<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"British National Party\">BNP<\/acronym>\/Gordon Brown call for \u2018British jobs for British workers\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>One reason for resorting to populism is the fact that those coming from the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> tradition never developed an adequate understanding of what constitutes socialism\/communism. Up to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> largely equated socialism with nationalisation. Although the weaknesses in this position have been recognised by those who have moved away from the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>, there has been no real attempt to develop a new clearly articulated socialism\/communism, which could effectively challenge a capitalism very much now in crisis since the 2008 Financial Crash.<\/p>\n<p>Part of the problem lies with the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\u2019s long sojourn within the Labour Party, where they began to adapt to the reformist milieu they were working with. Whereas Marx had viewed the state as a machine designed to perpetuate the rule of capital, backed by \u201ca body of armed men\u201d; those from a <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> background tended to see the existing state as being in the hands of the wrong people &#8211; the capitalist class &#8211; instead of the representatives of the working class. In particular, they had looked forward to a future elected Labour government, pledged to socialist policies, \u2018capturing\u2019 this state, passing an Enabling Act and nationalising the top 200 companies. But the capitalist state can not be equated with its \u2018representative\u2019 institutions &#8211; behind these lie the ruling class\u2019s \u2018deep state\u2019 with its military, security, judicial and other bodies, all beyond our effective accountability, ready to bypass parliament, and to take ruthless action against any fundamental challenges from our class.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, the solutions offered by the leaderships of <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity (where the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> also avoids offering any socialist strategy), to meet the current crisis of capitalism, tend to be national reformist. They stretch from a call for neo-Keynesian state economic intervention to demands for nationalisation &#8211; i.e. from left Labourism to old style, orthodox Marxist-Leninism. The call for nationalisation is sometimes relabelled \u2018public ownership\u2019, or supplemented with an unspecified, \u2018under democratic\u2019 or \u2018workers\u2019 control\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>There has been little appreciation of the international economic integration of the corporate imperialist capitalist order. This places very real restraints on national \u2018solutions\u2019, and makes the development of an internationalist strategy and international organisation vital. The massive anti-(corporate) globalisation, anti-Iraq war, anti-G8 and Occupy protests have shown that millions of people already understand the need for an international response. Yet there has been little indication that the Left can build on this by creating a new International<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[14]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The background to the formation of the First International was the need for trade unions to prevent employers using scab labour from other countries, as well as to extend international solidarity to the Republicans in the American Civil War, the Fenians in Ireland and the Paris Communards. The background to the formation of the Second International was the international campaign for the Eight Hour Working Day. Those recent international actions, already mentioned, would seem to indicate that there are even more grounds today for a new International.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"European Anti-Capitalist Left\">EACL<\/acronym> is very much constrained by the limitations of the \u2018socialist diplomacy\u2019 practised between its two dominant political groupings &#8211; the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> and International Socialist Tendency (<acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>). There is clearly a glaring need for concerted international action in the face of the <acronym title=\"European Union\">EU<\/acronym> leaders\u2019 austerity drive, which has led to unprecedented attacks on Greek, Portuguese and Irish workers. These will have a knock-on effect on the rest of the European (including the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>) working class.<\/p>\n<p>There has been no real debate in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> or <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> over socialists\u2019 participation in parliamentary and council elections. Are parliament and local councils vehicles for bringing about socialism through accumulative reforms; or do socialists participate in elections to these bodies to support independent class activity, and to put forward the case for socialism\/communism?<\/p>\n<p>Again this confusion arises because a significant section of the Left tends to see the state machine as neutral, and just requiring a different hand at the helm, rather than a capitalist state, shaped to meet the capital\u2019s needs. The existing state machine is\u00a0worse than useless as a means of socialist transformation. Indeed it is a trap for the working class. What should be recognised is the need for the state\u2019s destruction and its replacement with a commune-like semi-state, intended to wither away as the lower phase of communism (socialism) gives way to its higher phase.<\/p>\n<p>We never got near this kind of debate about a Maximum Programme within the wider <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>.\u00a0This was perhaps understandable in the context of the long debt-financed consumer boom, which coincided with the first ten years of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s existence. Efforts were concentrated instead on developing and implementing elements of an Immediate Programme. Now capitalism is once more in deep crisis. Attempts to buttress each national economy through superficial reforms can only lead to intensified international competition, with a downward pressure on pay and conditions, and an even greater likelihood of wars, possibly between the imperial metropoles themselves. Therefore, it has become imperative that socialists\/communists outline their alternative society and the means needed to achieve this.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> became too election focussed, particularly after winning its six <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym>. This sucked prominent regional or trade union activists into the parliamentary centre. The decision to spend so much money on parliamentary support workers for the newly elected <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> was an indication of this creeping electoralism.\u00a0A three way split developed between the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> &#8211; 1) Tommy and Rosemary, 2) Caroline, Frances and Rosie and 3) Colin &#8211; as to how to relate to Holyrood. There was little effective party control over these <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym>. The parliamentary \u2018tail\u2019 sometimes wagged the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> \u2018dog\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>If \u2018Tommygate\u2019 had not erupted, a strongly electoralist wing would probably have emerged in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, offering the party\u2019s <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> as coalition fodder in the event of a hung Holyrood parliament<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[15]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">This is what happened to the much more radical (on paper) Communist Refoundation Party in Italy. As a consequence, it lost all the seats it had gained, in 2006, in the Italian parliament after the 2008 general election.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. Former Labour <acronym title=\"Member of the European Parliament\">MEP<\/acronym>, Hugh Kerr, was already suggesting, before the 2003 Holyrood general election, that the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> stand down in favour of the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> in first-past-the-post seats, anticipating such coalitions and a more parliamentary focussed politics<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[16]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Traditionally Labour members, particularly those holding office, have been very hostile to the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> (dismissing them as \u2018Tartan Tories\u2019). However, as Labour itself has increasingly taken on a \u2018Pink Tory\u2019 hue, in the guise of New Labour, there has been a growing trend amongst some of those from an old Labour background to see the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> as sharers in Scotland\u2019s Social Democratic tradition, Hugh Kerr has warmed to the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>, John McAllion now argues for a \u2018Scottish road to socialism\u2019, whilst even former Labour Scottish First Minister, Henry McLeish, has been prepared to work with the prominent <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> member, Kenny MacAskill.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>Those who learned their initial politics in the British Left have shown little understanding of the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym> as an imperialist, unionist and constitutional monarchist state, and the role of the Crown Powers in maintaining British ruling class control. Nor do they appreciate the real nature of the current British and Irish ruling classes\u2019 \u2018New Unionist\u2019 strategy of promoting the \u2018Peace Process\u2019 and \u2018Devolution-all-round\u2019, aided and abetted by trade union leaders locked in \u2018social partnerships\u2019 with the bosses and politicians. This is done to ensure that the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym> and the Twenty-Six Counties remain safely subordinated to corporate capitalism and <acronym title=\"United States\">US<\/acronym>\/British imperialism.<\/p>\n<p>In reaction to their earlier left British unionist training, the majority amongst the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> (and later the Solidarity) leaderships have shown a strong tendency to be pulled towards Scottish nationalism, and have become sentimental Scottish republicans rather than militant socialist republicans. Although the 2005 Declaration of Calton Hill represented a partial break from this, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership has gone on to tail-end the proposed constitutional reforms of the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> in their proposed Scottish Independence Referendum<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[17]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">At the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>\u2019s prompting, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> became involved in Labour\u2019s \u2018Yes, Yes\u2019 campaign in 1997. Using similar arguments, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> later became involved in \u2018Independence First\u2019, formed in 2005 by fringe Scottish Nationalists, but not supported by the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> leadership; and in the Scottish Independence Convention (<acronym title=\"Scottish Independence Convention\">SIC<\/acronym>), also formed in 2005, but this time \u2018supported\u2019, restrained and reined in by the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> leadership.<br \/>\n<br \/>Just as the Scottish Constitutional Convention, which initiated the second Scottish Devolution campaign, turned its back on the Anti-Poll Tax struggle (and hence ended up acting as mouthpieces for New Labour\u2019s much weaker Devolution proposals); so there is little chance of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Independence Convention\">SIC<\/acronym> coming out in support of the struggles against the public sector cuts, when the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> leadership, which they tail-end, implements Westminster\u2019s austerity demands.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>After the split between the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity, some members of the now defunct <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> became divided between the <cite>Frontline<\/cite> supporters found in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, and the Democratic Green Socialists (<acronym title=\"Democratic Green Socialists\">DGS<\/acronym>), who played a similar role in Solidarity. It was these two organisations\u2019 initially shared break from the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>, which had led them to move on from much of the old left British unionist politics (although long retaining elements of such politics over the issue of Ireland), only to court left Scottish nationalist politics as an alternative.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>\/<cite>Frontline<\/cite>\u2019s and the <acronym title=\"Democratic Green Socialists\">DGS<\/acronym>\u2019s politics, with regard to Scotland, have not been drawn from the major contributors to anti-imperial\/anti-UK state politics prior to the Poll Tax, e.g. the Workers\u2019 Republican tradition of James Connolly and John Maclean, but to a bowdlerised version of Labourism\/Trotskyism inherited, but still not fully questioned, from the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>. This is sometimes topped up with a little sentimental Scottish history and the use of the saltire in the <cite>Scottish Socialist Voice<\/cite>.<\/p>\n<p>Those from a <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> tradition also have a poor understanding of the conflict in Ireland. They have been unwilling to address this issue in case any accusations of \u2018sectarianism\u2019 affected their electoral campaigns, particularly in the Central Belt.\u00a0In the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym>\u2019s preparatory stages, the one group, which <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> members went to considerable lengths to exclude, was the James Connolly Society (<acronym title=\"James Connolly Society\">JCS<\/acronym>). It also took years and years to get one-time <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> on to the <acronym title=\"James Connolly Society\">JCS<\/acronym>\u2019s annual Connolly march in Edinburgh.\u00a0The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\u2019s left unionism was carried into the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>. This led to their joint agreement to invite Billy Hutchinson of the Progressive Unionist Party (<acronym title=\"Progressive Unionist Party\">PUP<\/acronym>) as a \u2018socialist\u2019 Loyalist, with a background in the <acronym title=\"Ulster Volunteer Force\">UVF<\/acronym>, from which the British state recruited its death squads<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[18]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Hutchinson later played a part in the Loyalist campaign of physical intimidation of Catholic primary school girls at Holy Cross in North Belfast, highlighting his roots in the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>\u2019s most virulent Fascist tradition.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>, to \u2018Socialism 2000\u2019<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[19]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Daithi Dooley of Sinn Fein was also given a platform to provide \u2018balance\u2019. It was agreed to invite the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\u2019s Left unionist, Peter Hadden from Northern Ireland to counter the Loyalism of the <acronym title=\"Progressive Unionist Party\">PUP<\/acronym> and the now constitutional Republicanism of\u00a0Sinn Fein. The call to give a platform to the socialist Republican, John McAnulty of Socialist Democracy &#8211; Ireland (and a former West Belfast councillor) was denied.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>Despite the 2002 <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> Conference\u2019s 50:50 debate, there was insufficient follow-up discussion about the nature of women\u2019s exploitation and oppression, and how women\u2019s emancipation and liberation contribute to wider sexual liberation and to socialism\/communism.\u00a0In the aftermath of the split in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, a marked division remained between those former <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members in <cite>Frontline<\/cite>, who wanted to take on board a more Feminist agenda, and those in the <acronym title=\"Democratic Green Socialists\">DGS<\/acronym>, who retained an opposition to \u201cgender obsessed politics\u201d (many of them had opposed the 50:50 arrangements back in 2002).<\/p>\n<p>In the case of <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>\/<cite>Frontline<\/cite> members this led to a blurring between socialist and radical Feminist politics. In the case of <acronym title=\"Democratic Green Socialists\">DGS<\/acronym> members this led to a slippage away from any socialist understanding of the role of women\u2019s oppression, and to a schizoid split between holding to libertarian views on sex (e.g. believing prostitution is just another form of wage labour, not recognising the women\u2019s oppression involved), or to a toleration of very conservative sexual relationships (e.g. not questioning the promotion of the \u2018perfect celebrity couple\u2019 in the never-ending \u2018Tommy and Gail Show\u2019). The political division over the role of Feminism, between the two wings of one-time <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members, very much added to the acrimony during \u2018Tommygate\u2019<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[20]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Despite claims to the contrary, though, this political divide did not form the main reason for the later split. The <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>, which joined Solidarity, was strongly committed to 50:50, whilst others, who remained in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, including members of the <acronym title=\"Republican Communist Network\">RCN<\/acronym>, were opposed or abstained.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity leaderships, following on the old <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> tradition, have remained wedded to Broad Leftism in the trade unions. This involves a \u2018parliamentary\u2019 industrial strategy, which sees sovereignty as lying in the trade union conferences (\u2018parliament\u2019), when effective control really lies in the union HQs (where the bureaucracy forms the \u2018Cabinet\u2019). Broad Leftism concentrates on getting left wing union leaderships elected to replace right wing ones. This is countered to a Rank and File \u2018republican\u2019 industrial strategy of democratising and transforming trade unions to make them combative class organisations with sovereignty residing amongst the union members in their workplaces, who are prepared to take independent (\u2018unofficial\u2019) action when required<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[21]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Before developing their infamous \u2018Downturn Theory\u2019, just before the 1984-5 Miners Strike (!), the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> supported a semi-syndicalist, semi-economist form of rank and file strategy in the trade unions. Since then they have oscillated between empty left posturing (their occupation of the negotiations between Unite union leaders\u00a0and British Airways in May 2010) and an acceptance of a Broad Left strategy, similar to that of the old CP, and the present <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. There has also been no debate on possible new methods of organising workers, e.g. social unions.<\/p>\n<p>There have been illusions around existing Broad Left trade union leaderships, and a failure to extend the principle of a worker\u2019s representative on a worker\u2019s wage in parliament, to campaigning for all trade union officials being on the average wage of the members they represent. The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>&#8216;s relationship with the RMT was focussed on its General Secretary, Bob Crow, and its Broad Left leadership<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_22');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[22]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">It was not surprising that RMT leadership ended the union\u2019s affiliation after the split in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. Although the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership\u2019s poor handling of member (Tommy) confidentiality provided an excuse, once the party showed it was much less in awe of \u2018great leaders\u2019, it probably became a lot less attractive to Bob Crow. His own British Leftism, inherited from the old <acronym title=\"Communist Party of Great Britain\">CPGB<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Communist Party of Britain\">CPB<\/acronym>, was highlighted by his later sponsorship of the British chauvinist, No2EU campaign.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>, rather than its rank and file members.<\/p>\n<p>Cultural developments can anticipate wider social and political developments, even during periods when the working class is in retreat. Whilst an effective struggle against exploitation and oppression needs confident economic\/industrial and political organisation, attempts to go beyond the alienation we experience under capitalism often takes on a more disparate cultural form, which the ruling classes find harder to discipline and police. Despite the wider vibrant cultural debate found in Scotland, and signs of support from several significant cultural figures, there was no organised attempt to intervene in this debate and to encourage its development in a Scottish internationalist rather than a Scottish nationalist direction.<\/p>\n<h3>b) Organisation<\/h3>\n<p>From the beginning, despite wishing to create a wider organisation, which brought in others, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> still wanted to remain the leadership group. This in itself is not a problem. The issue is how do you go about achieving this aim &#8211; by encouraging the maximum democracy or by political manoeuvring?<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> sought to bring about wider unity, not primarily on the basis of an agreed Immediate Programme<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[23]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The term \u2018Immediate Programme\u2019 is used in preference to &#8216;Minimum Programme&#8217;, which, in Social Democratic and later orthodox Communist Party circles, became divorced from any real commitment to the &#8216;Maximum Programme&#8217;. The term \u2018immediate demands\u2019 is also used in preference to the use of the Trotskyist term \u2018transitional demands\u2019, especially by those from the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> tradition to try and glorify their support for routine Social Democratic\/trade union reforms. In the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>, these have often buttressed Social Democratic politicians and trade union bureaucrats, rather than developing independent working class organisation. The appropriate time for a &#8216;Transitional Programme&#8217; is when there is a situation of Dual Power, which actually raises the possibility of an immediate transition towards socialism, the lower phase of communism.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>, but by courting specific groups and individuals, whilst playing down the revolutionary side of their own politics. This involved a resort to diplomacy, rather than holding an open debate between some of the more advanced positions held by the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> (and others) and the undisguised left reformism and electoralism of those coming, in particular, from Labour and <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> backgrounds.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, any such open debate, may well have resulted in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> adopting openly left reformist positions anyhow, given the historical weight of reformism in Scotland and the wider <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>. This is why it was so vital to create and maintain the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> as open democratic organisations, where such ideas could be challenged and changed in the light of experience.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> depended overmuch on the initial political training given to its members from other political organisations before they joined up. There was no comprehensive political education programme put in place for new members. There was an attempt to produce an <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> magazine, <cite>Red<\/cite>, but it was short-lived.<\/p>\n<p>When the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> split into majority and minority <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/IS factions, the majority <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> kept to the old strategy of trying to remain the leadership by making openings to certain individuals. An \u2018Inner Circle\u2019 coalesced within the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership, which consisted of Tommy Sheridan, Alan McCombes and Alan Green (he represented those from a non-<acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> tradition) with a close periphery of Keith Baldassara and Frances Curran (she provided a link with the leading influential Feminists, such as Carolyn Leckie). The <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> used its position as the largest platform to ensure that this emergent \u2018Inner Circle\u2019 was given wider support in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_24');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_24');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[24]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_24\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">A noticeable feature of Alan McCombe\u2019s <cite>Downfall<\/cite> is the relative absence of any explanation for the changes in the politics of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>, or of the shifts that took place in trying to hold the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> together; along with the lack of any account of its two major offshoots &#8211; &#8216;Continuity <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>&#8216;\u00a0<cite>Frontline<\/cite> in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, and the Democratic Green Socialists in Solidarity. Instead this book concentrates on the thinking in the \u2018Inner Circle\u2019, reinforcing the view that this was the most significant group in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership. <cite>Downfall<\/cite> has a particularly pained tone of anguish and betrayal, precisely because the initial split was not between organised tendencies, but between the previously very close individual members of <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> who made up this \u2018Inner Circle\u2019.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. As long as the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> continued to exist, there was still some platform accountability.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> also used its numerical strength to get sympathisers into key positions, whether or not they were up to the job. Paid organisers, who were not transparent or accountable, sometimes built their own fiefdoms either in areas of particular activity or geographical areas.<\/p>\n<p>The \u2018Inner Circle\u2019 kept things from the membership (either with tacit <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> acceptance or without their knowledge), e.g. how many real paying members there were, and the fact that the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> did not pay their subs (although some of their members did join as individuals). Therefore, the activities of the \u2018Inner Circle\u2019 were neither transparent nor fully accountable.<\/p>\n<p>Many members of the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> began to doubt the need for a distinctive platform to advance their specific politics. Instead, they increasingly relied on giving support to those experienced former members of the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>, and founder members of the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>, who had steered them through the difficult transition from the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> to the independent <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> platform in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members began to drop out of their platform, whilst still giving their support as individuals to the \u2018Inner Circle\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>In engaging with new political forces, <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members found themselves questioning some of their previously held beliefs. This is, of course, a good general principle for all socialists. Individual <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members formed friendships and alliances with other individuals and tendencies, e.g. amongst the left Scottish nationalists and the radical Feminists. This led to a process of adaptation that left individual <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>, or former <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members, strung out at different points along various lines of thought over a number of key issues. That made it increasingly difficult for the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> to maintain a unified public position on these political issues.<\/p>\n<p>This was demonstrated most spectacularly over \u2018Tommygate\u2019. However, over the issues of 50:50, \u2018internationalism from below\u2019 republicanism versus left Scottish nationalism, Ireland (particularly the Connolly march), and secularism versus support for specific identity (especially faith) schools, different <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members also found themselves on differing sides<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_25');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_25');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[25]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_25\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">In this process of moving away from old <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> shibboleths, some former <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members moved very far along these lines of thought. Onetime <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> socialist Feminists originally saw the Socialist Women\u2019s Network (<acronym title=\"Socialist Women\u2019s Network\">SWN<\/acronym>) as an autonomous group within the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, which included both socialist and radical Feminists. Following on from the brutal impact of Sheridan\u2019s misogynistic behaviour towards prominent women comrades and other women, in his two trials, key <acronym title=\"Socialist Women\u2019s Network\">SWN<\/acronym> members seemed to move over to a position of advocating radical Feminist organisational separatism. They showed increased hostility towards socialist Feminists in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> who differed from them.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_25').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_25', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. As the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> platform began to fragment, this left the \u2018Inner Circle\u2019 as the real <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership, since they were no longer restrained by any remaining <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> discipline.<\/p>\n<p>After 2003, those newly elected <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym>, who had their own trusted personal contacts in the party, also had to be acknowledged by the \u2018Inner Circle\u2019. That opened up the prospect of personal, rather than platform differences arising, which could bring about a more dysfunctional leadership, in the absence of either any platform discipline, or of effective wider party accountability.<\/p>\n<p>The \u2018Inner Circle\u2019 was unable to successfully address the crisis in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, when \u2018Tommygate\u2019 split them, along with their close personal and parliamentary supporters. Both sides put more trust in the bourgeois courts and leaks to the bourgeois media than in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> membership. Neither side confined its appeals for support to bona fide working class and socialist organisations. Initially a cover-up \u2018deal\u2019 was made between the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> Executive Committee and Tommy, under which the reasons for his mutually agreed resignation were hidden from the membership. The minutes were not circulated. This sowed further seeds of confusion, adding to those created by the leadership\u2019s shared responsibility in constructing the Tommy \u2018legend\u2019 in the first place.<\/p>\n<p>This legacy of personalised politics very much added to the ensuing acrimony, which contributed to the split between the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity. The two respective leaderships centred on Alan McCombes and Frances Curran on the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> side, and Tommy Sheridan and his family on the Solidarity side. Supporters were expected to show uncritical loyalty for their leaders\u2019 respective stances in the virtual civil war that developed. Those trying to put forward a more critical viewpoint found themselves subjected, not to real debate, but more often to misrepresentation, and sometimes to vilification.<\/p>\n<p>Prior to the split, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership had tolerated the existence of sects, in particular the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> and the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>. These were able to take advantage of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s recognition of platforms<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_26');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_26');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[26]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_26\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">It was acknowledged by most of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, including its leadership, that not all the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> platforms behaved as sects. The <acronym title=\"Republican Communist Network\">RCN<\/acronym> was able to provide an example of principled platform behaviour. This contributed to the 2009 post-split <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> Conference decision to unanimously reject the ending of platforms, despite many <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members having bad experiences of the sectarian antics of the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> and the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> saw themselves as having all the answers in advance, with nothing to learn from others, when important questions were debated. They were organised as alternative leaderships-in-waiting, ready to take over.<\/p>\n<p>However, instead of establishing firm platform guidelines, diplomatic deals were also made between the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership and these sects. The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership did not openly and politically challenge the sectarian practices of these organisations\u2019 leaderships<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[27]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">When the <acronym title=\"Republican Communist Network\">RCN<\/acronym> brought a motion to conference calling for no support to be given to \u2018party\u2019-front organisations (such as the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> constantly promote), but only to bona fide, democratically-organised, united front campaigns, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership would not publicly identify with it because of the diplomatic deals they had made with the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>. Fortunately, Jim McVicar (<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>\/<cite>Frontline<\/cite>) broke ranks and gave it his support. The motion was carried by a substantial majority.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. Such an approach could have won over some of their rank and file (albeit not their leaderships, whose sectarianism is hard-wired), attracting them with more open and democratic politics.<\/p>\n<h2>3. THE CURRENT SITUATION &#8211; FACING UP TO REALITY<\/h2>\n<p>There has been no real attempt by either of the two post-split leaderships (<acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity) to draw up a balance sheet of the strengths and weaknesses of the original socialist unity project, or to make any honest assessment of where socialists and the wider working class now are in Scotland. The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership&#8217;s main remaining hope, after \u2018Tommygate\u2019, seems to be that, \u201cThings can only get better\u201d! And, is Solidarity now on hold until Tommy gets out of jail?!<\/p>\n<p>Solidarity launched itself, in 2006, with the claim that it would soon overtake the number of pre-existing <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym>. However, it failed even to retain its celebrity leader, Tommy, despite his loudly proclaimed court \u2018victory\u2019 that year. Solidarity\u2019s leadership took refuge in its ability to garner more votes (31,066 to the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s 12,731) in the 2007 Holyrood election. Yet Ruth Black, its sole elected councillor, soon defected to Labour after an acrimonious internal spat<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_28');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_28');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[28]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_28\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">However, Jim Bollan, <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, the sole remaining openly socialist councillor in Scotland today, has remained committed to principled class politics. He was suspended for six months from West Dunbartonshire Council, by the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> leadership, for his tireless activity in support of his overwhelmingly working class constituents fighting cuts to their services. He had the backing of Clydebank Trades Council for his stance. He continues to defy the council\u2019s imposed cuts budget.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership believed that there would be an upturn in <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> fortunes, once they were legally vindicated in the Perjury Trial. However, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s vote fell from the lowly 12,731 gained in 2007, to the abysmal 8,272 in the 2011 Holyrood election, despite the December 2010 court judgement, which upheld the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership\u2019s version of the \u2018Tommygate\u2019 events. This electoral result showed the leadership\u2019s wishful thinking.<\/p>\n<p>Although the Tommy\/Solidarity-backed Respect\/George Galloway celebrity candidate only received 6972 votes, in the May 2011 Holyrood election (compared with the still unsuccessful Tommy\u2019s 8544 votes in 2007), whilst Solidarity\u2019s own vote plummeted to 2,837, this could hardly provide the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership with much comfort, considering that both the phantom Socialist Labour Party, and more worryingly, the British National Party, gained far more votes than the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p>Indeed, the fact that the <acronym title=\"British National Party\">BNP<\/acronym>\u2019s vote exceeded the combined vote of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity was not publicly acknowledged by either leadership, despite the <acronym title=\"British National Party\">BNP<\/acronym>\u2019s and <acronym title=\"Scottish Defence League\">SDL<\/acronym>\u2019s ongoing attempts to gain a foothold in Scotland, particularly amongst British Loyalists in the Central Belt. There seemed to be more concern at leadership levels, to see that the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity slug it out against each other in certain Glasgow seats, than to ensure that the <acronym title=\"British National Party\">BNP<\/acronym> were opposed everywhere.<\/p>\n<p>What remains of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> has become a much looser alliance than the old <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym>. Work is left to individuals, the <cite>Scottish Socialist Voice<\/cite> has no Editorial Board, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> website<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[29]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">see:-\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/scottishsocialistparty.org\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.scottishsocialistparty.org\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>\u00a0is Eddie Truman\u2019s sole responsibility, Richie Venton is the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s industrial organiser without any accountability to a committee of <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> trade unionists.<\/p>\n<p>The Scottish Socialist Youth and the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> International Committee have taken good initiatives, e.g. the Anti-Fascist Alliances<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[30]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Youth\">SSY<\/acronym> supported Anti-Fascist Alliance challenge to Unite Against Fascism (<acronym title=\"Unite Against Fascism\">UAF<\/acronym>), which is one of the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>\u2019s several front organisations. <acronym title=\"Unite Against Fascism\">UAF<\/acronym> attempted, both in Glasgow and Edinburgh, to divert anti-fascist protestors from directly confronting the <acronym title=\"Scottish Defence League\">SDL<\/acronym> to attending tame rallies, addressed by then Scottish Tory leader, Annabel Goldie (!), well away from the Fascist mobilisations. However, neither did the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership give a clear call to other <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members as to where they should be\u00a0(although to Frances&#8217; credit, she\u00a0was there directly opposing the <acronym title=\"Scottish Defence League\">SDL<\/acronym> in Edinburgh).<br \/>\n<br \/>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Youth\">SSY<\/acronym> also formed a prominent part in the Hetherington Occupation, which was a very significant contribution to the Student Revolt, which first developed in 2011.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> and the Republican Socialist Conventions. However, these have not had real united leadership backing (although individual leaders have sometimes given their support, particularly Colin in the latter case).<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership does not necessarily follow through conference decisions (e.g. the principled support given to \u2018No One Is Illegal\u2019 at the post-split 2007 Conference, which would have meant working closely with the Glasgow Unity Centre). Part of this is due to exhaustion of leading members, but another factor is the continued <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> legacy of having the remnants of this unaccountable \u2018Inner Circle\u2019. Whilst no longer necessarily having the vigour to politically oppose initiatives, which they do not fully support at conferences, they can still ensure that any such agreed initiatives receive little effective national leadership promotion or coordination.<\/p>\n<p>The current <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership is divided over the way forward. Some from the old \u2018Inner Circle\u2019 are showing signs of abandoning the pretence of that the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> is still a real party, and of retreating instead towards the formation of a socialist \u2018think tank\u2019, somewhat to the left of that recently formed to commemorate Jimmy Reid. This <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> initiative appears to be Glasgow based.<\/p>\n<p>Colin Fox and Richie Venton, however, argue that the existing <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> can be revived if only the correct campaign can be found (e.g. Fighting Fuel Poverty, or Fighting the Cuts), or if members fully throw themselves into a continuous \u2018hamster wheel\u2019 of activity. Both work very hard and lead by example. They can always point towards a model branch out there to show that such activity is the way forward. The current example given is the new Ayrshire branch, built with the help of the party\u2019s latest prominent recruit, Campbell Martin. He is a former <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> and Independent <acronym title=\"Member of the Scottish Parliament\">MSP<\/acronym>. He remains a strong advocate of a left Scottish nationalist approach to the constitution, coupled with some support for populist politics (including the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>\u2019s minimum alcohol pricing and their misguided anti-\u2018sectarian\u2019 bill<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_31');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_31');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[31]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The lack of any leadership public response to the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>\u2019s proposed anti-\u2018sectarian\u2019 bill highlights the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s continued reluctance to get involved in taking a principled position against British Loyalist, anti-Irish racism, which it believes could negatively affect its electoral chances, particularly in Glasgow.\u00a0To his credit, Graeme McIver of the <acronym title=\"Democratic Green Socialists\">DGS<\/acronym>, and a prominent member of what is left of Solidarity, has publicly posted a good contribution on this issue on their website.<br \/>\n<br \/>see:- <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.democraticgreensocialist.org\/wordpress\/?page_id=1448<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<p>Mounting campaigns is indeed an important activity for socialist organisations. However, without a proper assessment of the class forces involved, or of how a particular campaign links up with the organisation\u2019s wider Immediate Programme and the struggle for socialism, then any such campaign will either run out of steam; or, it will be taken under the wing of the larger parties. Then, instead of contributing to the building of independent working class organisation, the campaign merely ends up buttressing these parties\u2019 political position, by providing them with some cover for the cuts, or for the other counter-reforms they are imposing elsewhere. The Free Prescriptions Bill, initiated at Holyrood by the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> parliamentary group, was only enacted by a subsequent <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> government, after the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> ceased to have any <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p>In contrast to the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, Solidarity was formed as an alliance (calling itself a movement) and not a party. John Dennis of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> South Region made the original proposal for a breakaway, because he thought that internal relations had become too toxic to be contained in one party. However, Solidarity quickly constituted itself as a \u2018marriage of convenience\u2019, between Sheridan and the Sheridanistas of the <acronym title=\"Democratic Green Socialists\">DGS<\/acronym>, and the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>. It now has even less political cohesion than the currently loose <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> alliance.<\/p>\n<p>The DSG website is showing signs of wishing to reunite the Left, but largely on the basis of \u2018forgive and forget\u2019<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_32');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_32');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[32]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_32\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u2018Forgive and forget\u2019, though, does represent a small advance on the \u2018Don\u2019t forgive, don\u2019t forget\u2019 tendencies found in both the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity. In reacting to Sheridan\u2019s anti-party and highly personalised attacks upon leading <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members, some have become involved in actions which should have been publicly rejected by the party, e.g. George McNeilage\u2019s selling of the \u2018Tommy Tape\u2019 to the <cite>News of the World<\/cite>, and Frances\u2019s not surprisingly unsuccessful resort to the bourgeois court to clear her name over Tommy\u2019s ridiculous \u201cscab\u201d accusation in the <cite>Daily Record<\/cite>.<br \/>\n<br \/>However, these mistakes have been dwarfed by the conduct of certain Sheridanistas. Some Solidarity members and Galloway (during his Holyrood election campaign, whilst courting Solidarity support) have encouraged violent\u00a0attacks directed against <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members.<br \/>\n<br \/>also see:-<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/2011\/05\/19\/a-reply-to-james-turleys-whose-afraid-of-george-galloway\/\">A Reply to James Turley\u2019s \u2018Who\u2019s Afraid of George Galloway\u2019?<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_32').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_32', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. The recently formed International Socialist Group (<acronym title=\"International Socialist Group\">ISG<\/acronym>), a Scottish breakaway from the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>, also involved in Solidarity, seems to be adopting a similar path. Its co-thinkers in Counterfire, in England and Wales, have already drawn Socialist Resistance<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_33');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_33');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[33]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_33\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">This may cause some difficulties for <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> supporters in Scotland, since the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Group\">ISG<\/acronym>\u2019s leader, Chris Bambery was very much involved in supporting the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>\u2019s anti-Galloway breakaway from Respect, which was opposed by <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>&#8211;<acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym> at the time. The <acronym title=\"International Socialist Group\">ISG<\/acronym> also gave its support to the virulently anti-<acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, pro-Union Galloway (nominally Respect) candidate, in the May 2011 Holyrood election. Political consistency has never been a strong point for those from the old <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> tradition!<br \/>\n<br \/>Perhaps, political differences may develop between the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym> and the Scottish <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> group such as undoubtedly exist between the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>\/Socialist Democracy (Ireland).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_33').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_33', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> into their Coalition of Resistance (<acronym title=\"Coalition of Resistance\">COR<\/acronym>) against the cuts. Whilst <acronym title=\"Coalition of Resistance\">COR<\/acronym> is all too willing to bow before Broad Left trade union bureaucrats and left-talking politicians, it constitutes the most punchy campaigning organisation fighting the cuts at present (as shown by its contingent on the <acronym title=\"Scottish Trades Union Congress\">STUC<\/acronym>\u2019s October 1<sup>st<\/sup> demonstration in Glasgow).<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Coalition of Resistance\">COR<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"International Socialist Group\">ISG<\/acronym> have even attracted some <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members, despite their strong antipathy to those from an <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> background. However, any such unity is also likely to be on the shaky ground of \u2018forgive and forget\u2019, rather than \u2018listen, learn and then move on\u2019. Ironically, this would just repeat the \u2018diplomatic\u2019 approach the \u2018Inner Circle\u2019 adopted taken towards the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> (the tradition from whence the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Group\">ISG<\/acronym> came), back in 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Both wings of the current <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership remain reticent about becoming involved in other political organisations\u2019 unity initiatives, or even in wider campaigns where they might meet up. An exception is made in the case of the Scottish Independence Convention (<acronym title=\"Scottish Independence Convention\">SIC<\/acronym>), which does bring the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> into contact with Solidarity and ex-Solidarity members. Furthermore, the various struggles impose their own similar joint work, particularly in trade unions. Just as a shared left Scottish nationalism has led to common work inside the <acronym title=\"Scottish Independence Convention\">SIC<\/acronym>, so a shared Broad Leftism has led to joint electoral slates in some unions (e.g. the Public and Commercial Service [<acronym title=\"Public and Commercial Service\">PCS<\/acronym>] union).<\/p>\n<p>Some <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity members and former members, who have become disillusioned with these organisations, have called for their virtual dissolution into the various campaigns, e.g. Anti-Cuts. They hope that the experience of working with new forces, or \u2018knocking heads together\u2019 (i.e. of mutually suspicious <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity members or ex-members) will eventually provide a new basis for unity in the future. Whilst this path can seem attractive, it means glossing over the real political differences that have arisen, and the challenges neither side addressed. Such a course is also likely to lead to more public \u2018diplomatic manoeuvres\u2019 (usually accompanied by personalised put-downs in private), in order to bring about a superficial unity, mainly for electoral purposes. This is never a solid basis upon which to build.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> continue to slug it out with their own front organisations &#8211; the (now defunct?) Campaign for a New Workers\u2019 Party and the National Shop Stewards Network for the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>, and the (about to be abandoned?) Right to Work Campaign and Unite the Resistance for the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>. Neither of these sects is likely to commit itself to building a real united party. They prefer to go no further than forming electoral mutual non-aggression pacts like the United Left Alliance in Ireland (which is likely to flounder, if it fails to develop further, after its initial electoral success this year). The prime political purpose of the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> is still to build their own sects.<\/p>\n<p>In 2003, a united <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> showed it had gained a definite foothold of support amongst members of the working class in Scotland. The abysmal 2011 (combined <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity) electoral result is an indication that, not only that most politically conscious workers, but also many socialists in Scotland, have moved on from the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity.<\/p>\n<h2>4) WHAT WE NEED TO DO &#8211; LISTEN, LEARN AND THEN MOVE ON<\/h2>\n<p>The inspiring legacy of those successful working class campaigns in the late 1980\u2019s and early 1990\u2019s, along with the recognition of the need for the working class to organise outside the Labour Party, and to address the National Question in Scotland in a serious manner, provided a sufficient political basis for the successful launch of the initial <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> project. However, the major challenges the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> has faced since then mean that new lessons have to be learned if any successful socialist unity project is to be developed in the near future.<\/p>\n<p>We need to acknowledge that the current <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> project is over. We can see that the attempt just to hold things together, hoping things will get better, has not worked. There has been little recognition, at the leadership level, of the need to face up to the new challenges, which the working class has faced; or of the necessary self-criticism about the handling of \u2018Tommygate\u2019. The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership had put the addressing of \u2018Tommygate\u2019 on hold between 2006-10, ostensibly for legal reasons during the Perjury Trail.\u00a0The 2011 Conference in Dunfermline took a retrograde step by overturning those self-critical decisions, which had been made at the first post-split <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> Conference in Glasgow in 2006.<\/p>\n<p>In pursuing this \u2018head-in-the-sand\u2019 course, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> will end up as little more than another sect. The leadership&#8217;s refusal (using the Perjury Trial as an excuse)\u00a0to develop a strategy to win back the more critical elements of Solidarity, which would have involved some self-criticism,\u00a0was the first step on this dead-end road. When the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> was being set up, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> understood the futility of trying to build a new organisation solely around an unquestioned and unquestioning <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> leadership. They actively sought wider support, and just as importantly, were prepared to be self-critical and to challenge some of their old shibboleths in the light of recent experiences. Those in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> today, who wish to re-establish socialist unity in Scotland, need to recognise that real answers have to be given to those challenges the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> failed to meet.<\/p>\n<p>Socialist unity, which has the capacity to address the many pressing issues the working class currently faces in a crisis-ridden world, can only be formed on a new and higher political basis. Such socialist unity will also involve those outside the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s ranks. Such unity can not be built on the basis of \u2018forgive and forget\u2019 (which will just lead to a reoccurrence of previous bad practices), but must be done on the basis of \u2018listen, learn and then move on\u2019.<\/p>\n<h3>a) Politics<\/h3>\n<p>To meet the new challenges the Left has faced in Scotland, we need to clarify our views over:-<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What we mean by socialism\/communism and how (and if) the immediate struggles we support promote this aim.<\/li>\n<li>The promotion of internationalism, through building wider international organisation on the basis of \u2018internationalism from below\u2019 and by participating in international actions.<\/li>\n<li>The rejection of populism and the creation of an \u2018Immediate Programme\u2019 that both enhances the position of our class, and encourages the development of independent working class organisation and struggle.<\/li>\n<li>An understanding of the reasons why socialists participate in elections to state bodies.<\/li>\n<li>An understanding of how socialists participate effectively in trade union (and other working class) struggles.<\/li>\n<li>Moving on from a left Nationalist approach to the National Question in Scotland, by adopting a serious commitment to socialist Republicanism.<\/li>\n<li>A deeper understanding of Feminism (how to achieve women\u2019s liberation and emancipation), and how this links with the transformation of sexual and social relations between the sexes, which socialist men (who should also have a vision of a realisable better society) have a real interest in achieving.<\/li>\n<li>A serious approach to Ecology which takes into account the meeting of the human need for water, food, fuel, shelter and transport, but in an environmentally sustainable way.<\/li>\n<li>An imaginative approach on how we relate to other areas of struggle, e.g, culture.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>b) Organisation<\/h3>\n<p>To learn from the mistakes of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> (and of Solidarity), and become more effective we need to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Emphasise the vital importance of democracy, transparency and accountability in all the organisations of the working class.<\/li>\n<li>The role of leadership.<\/li>\n<li>Reject the lure of \u2018celebrity politics\u2019.<\/li>\n<li>Acknowledge that neither the bourgeois courts, nor the bourgeois media, are appropriate places for socialists to get rulings on how they conduct themselves, or to conduct their internal disputes.\u00a0We must confine our appeals to democratic working class and socialist\/communist organisations and media. How can we convince the working class of the case for socialism if we have to run to the ruling class\u2019s courts over how we handle our own affairs?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>On November 30<sup>th<\/sup>, two million public sector workers went on strike (including 300,000 in Scotland), thousands joined picket lines, and tens of thousands went on demonstrations throughout the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>. However, there is no chance of defending our pensions, when the ruling class and its supporting parties are determined to roll back our class\u2019s gains, and we remain divided between unions and a plethora of different pension schemes. Trade union leaders will all too soon be jockeying for sectional concessions. Only a class wide political offensive, which links up all struggles against the ruling class\u2019s current austerity drive (and this must extend across the <acronym title=\"European Union\">EU<\/acronym>), has any chance of undertaking a successful defence and then moving on to make real gains.<\/p>\n<p>Nor can the working class be left to the \u2018tender mercies\u2019 of a future Miliband<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_34');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_2895_1('footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_34');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[34]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_34\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Labour-supporting trade union leaders in Scotland condemned the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> who crossed the Holyrood picket line on November 30<sup>th<\/sup>, but remained absolutely silent about Miliband and all those New Labour MPs who turned up at Westminster. Here Cameron was quick to highlight Miliband\u2019s earlier publicly declared opposition to the strike.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_34').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2895_1_34', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>\u00a0-led Labour government.\u00a0The Con-Dems may demand an immediate \u2018arm and a leg\u2019 from every worker in the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>; but New Labour also wants to saw off our \u2018limbs\u2019 &#8211; only more slowly. The <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> wants a Scotland that is a low tax haven for corporate business and a playground for the ultra-rich.<\/p>\n<p>Socialists and communists must offer something better. So let us \u2018listen, learn and then move on\u2019.<br \/>\nAllan Armstrong, Bob Goupillot, Iain Robertson, 20th December 2011<\/p>\n<h3>Footnotes<\/h3>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><h3><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_2895_1();\">References<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_2895_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_2895_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/h3><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_2895_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">References<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Socialist Appeal minority, led by Ted Grant, has remained committed to deep entrism inside the Labour Party, without any visible effect.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Socialist Workers Party (<acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>) was the last to join the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> in 2002, forming the Socialist Workers Platform.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Workers Unity was an amalgam the Communist Party of Great Britain-<cite>Weekly Worker<\/cite>, Alliance for Workers Liberty and the Glasgow Marxists.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_4');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Scottish Green Party still retained the majority of activists in this particular arena, despite there being no openly organised Green Left in the party, unlike in England and Wales.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The No2EU electoral alliance was forged between the \u2018British roaders\u2019 of the\u00a0Communist Party of Britain (<acronym title=\"Communist Party of Britain\">CPB<\/acronym>) and the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_6');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Stop the War Coalition organised the massive London demonstration. It was formed by the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> in alliance with the Murray\/Griffiths\/Haylett group in the <acronym title=\"Communist Party of Britain\">CPB<\/acronym>, and has been organised around minimalist popular frontist politics. The <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> had also joined the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> during the previous year.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_7');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Later in 2006, when Alan McCombes was jailed for his principled refusal to hand over the party\u2019s minutes to the bourgeois courts, virtually the whole membership rallied once more to raise the money to pay the imposed fine. It only became clearer later, that the beneficial political effect of Alan\u2019s brave action was being sabotaged by some of Tommy&#8217;s supporters with their secret submission to the authorities of a false set of minutes to provide himself and his new political allies with some cover, and to prepare a new attack on the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_8');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_8\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Tommy resigned as <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> Convenor a month later.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_9');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_9\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> leadership under Taffe became increasingly hostile to the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> majority. The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> wanted the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> to be a \u2018party\u2019 front organisation. Therefore, they attempted to curtail the autonomy of the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>. The majority of <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members in Scotland, led by Alan McCombes and Tommy Sheridan, broke with the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> minority formed the International Socialists platform in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. In 2010, some time after they helped to set up Solidarity (in 2006), they changed their name to the Socialist Party of Scotland (<acronym title=\"Socialist Party of Scotland\">SPS<\/acronym>), to complement the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> section in England and Wales, usually just styled the Socialist Party to avoid the unfortunate acronym &#8211; <acronym title=\"Socialist Party England and Wales\">SPEW<\/acronym>! However, the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\u2019s declaration of the <acronym title=\"Socialist Party of Scotland\">SPS<\/acronym> was a strong indication that they had given up on Solidarity, which they had originally sponsored, as a longer-term vehicle for forming a new wider party in Scotland, hopefully when they formed the majority and could control it.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_10');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_10\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Of course, those who had originally been in the Militant\/<acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> had already broken with many of that organisation\u2019s sectarian practices, highlighted by split of the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> from its ranks. <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> members, however, were not in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> for long enough (2003-6) to shed members for similar reasons. The <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> leadership also shielded itself by providing its members with an even more hard-wired sectarian training than the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>. Gregor Gall was the only prominent former member, who stayed in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p>However, the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>\u2019s sojourn within the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> did have some longer-term effects on its politics, even after they left. Neil Davidson, who had been the main theoretician for the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>\u2019s left unionism, later managed to get the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> to move to tentative support for a \u2018Yes\u2019 vote in a future Scottish Independence referendum.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_11');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_11\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Doris Day, the former <acronym title=\"United States\">US<\/acronym> movie star, is remembered for having successfully made the transition from more sexually risqu\u00e9, Film Noir movies in the immediate post-war period to becoming the personification of the squeaky clean all-American woman demanded of movie stars during the Cold War. As one of her long-term acquaintances recalled, \u201cI can remember Doris Day before she became a virgin!\u201d<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_12');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_12\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Galloway was then strongly supported by the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>, whose Scottish supporters remained in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and in <cite>Frontline<\/cite>. The <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> had experienced its own split in Scotland as result of \u2018Tommygate\u2019. Its most prominent members, Gordon Morgan and the late Rowland Sherret joined Solidarity. However, with the backing of the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>\u2019s British section, Socialist Resistance (<acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym>), the majority of <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> members in Scotland remained in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. They began to up the previously virtually non-existent public profile of the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, by selling <cite>Socialist Resistance<\/cite> and through openly putting forward motions to Conference, e.g. supporting the <acronym title=\"European Anti-Capitalist Left\">EACL<\/acronym> Euro-election challenge.<\/p>\n<p>Ironically <acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym> was later to break with Galloway and his Respect organisation.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_13');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_13\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">There was a time when the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership knew better. The NGOs\u2019 churchy slogan \u2018Make Poverty History\u2019 was adopted in the lead up to the huge Edinburgh march preceding the Gleneagles G8 Summit in July 2005. The white-clad \u2018Make Poverty History\u2019 organisers, attendant pop celebrities and demonstrators (and their <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> backers) begged the G8 leaders, in effect, for a nicer corporate imperialism. The red-clad <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> demonstrators countered this forelock-tugging call with \u2018Make Capitalism History\u2019.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_14');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_14\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The background to the formation of the First International was the need for trade unions to prevent employers using scab labour from other countries, as well as to extend international solidarity to the Republicans in the American Civil War, the Fenians in Ireland and the Paris Communards. The background to the formation of the Second International was the international campaign for the Eight Hour Working Day. Those recent international actions, already mentioned, would seem to indicate that there are even more grounds today for a new International.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_15');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_15\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">This is what happened to the much more radical (on paper) Communist Refoundation Party in Italy. As a consequence, it lost all the seats it had gained, in 2006, in the Italian parliament after the 2008 general election.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_16');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_16\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Traditionally Labour members, particularly those holding office, have been very hostile to the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> (dismissing them as \u2018Tartan Tories\u2019). However, as Labour itself has increasingly taken on a \u2018Pink Tory\u2019 hue, in the guise of New Labour, there has been a growing trend amongst some of those from an old Labour background to see the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> as sharers in Scotland\u2019s Social Democratic tradition, Hugh Kerr has warmed to the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>, John McAllion now argues for a \u2018Scottish road to socialism\u2019, whilst even former Labour Scottish First Minister, Henry McLeish, has been prepared to work with the prominent <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> member, Kenny MacAskill.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_17');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_17\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">At the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>\u2019s prompting, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> became involved in Labour\u2019s \u2018Yes, Yes\u2019 campaign in 1997. Using similar arguments, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> later became involved in \u2018Independence First\u2019, formed in 2005 by fringe Scottish Nationalists, but not supported by the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> leadership; and in the Scottish Independence Convention (<acronym title=\"Scottish Independence Convention\">SIC<\/acronym>), also formed in 2005, but this time \u2018supported\u2019, restrained and reined in by the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> leadership.<\/p>\n<p>Just as the Scottish Constitutional Convention, which initiated the second Scottish Devolution campaign, turned its back on the Anti-Poll Tax struggle (and hence ended up acting as mouthpieces for New Labour\u2019s much weaker Devolution proposals); so there is little chance of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Independence Convention\">SIC<\/acronym> coming out in support of the struggles against the public sector cuts, when the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> leadership, which they tail-end, implements Westminster\u2019s austerity demands.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_18');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_18\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Hutchinson later played a part in the Loyalist campaign of physical intimidation of Catholic primary school girls at Holy Cross in North Belfast, highlighting his roots in the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>\u2019s most virulent Fascist tradition.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_19');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_19\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Daithi Dooley of Sinn Fein was also given a platform to provide \u2018balance\u2019. It was agreed to invite the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\u2019s Left unionist, Peter Hadden from Northern Ireland to counter the Loyalism of the <acronym title=\"Progressive Unionist Party\">PUP<\/acronym> and the now constitutional Republicanism of\u00a0Sinn Fein. The call to give a platform to the socialist Republican, John McAnulty of Socialist Democracy &#8211; Ireland (and a former West Belfast councillor) was denied.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_20');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_20\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Despite claims to the contrary, though, this political divide did not form the main reason for the later split. The <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>, which joined Solidarity, was strongly committed to 50:50, whilst others, who remained in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, including members of the <acronym title=\"Republican Communist Network\">RCN<\/acronym>, were opposed or abstained.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_21');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_21\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Before developing their infamous \u2018Downturn Theory\u2019, just before the 1984-5 Miners Strike (!), the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> supported a semi-syndicalist, semi-economist form of rank and file strategy in the trade unions. Since then they have oscillated between empty left posturing (their occupation of the negotiations between Unite union leaders\u00a0and British Airways in May 2010) and an acceptance of a Broad Left strategy, similar to that of the old CP, and the present <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_22');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_22\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">It was not surprising that RMT leadership ended the union\u2019s affiliation after the split in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>. Although the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership\u2019s poor handling of member (Tommy) confidentiality provided an excuse, once the party showed it was much less in awe of \u2018great leaders\u2019, it probably became a lot less attractive to Bob Crow. His own British Leftism, inherited from the old <acronym title=\"Communist Party of Great Britain\">CPGB<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Communist Party of Britain\">CPB<\/acronym>, was highlighted by his later sponsorship of the British chauvinist, No2EU campaign.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_23');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_23\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The term \u2018Immediate Programme\u2019 is used in preference to &#8216;Minimum Programme&#8217;, which, in Social Democratic and later orthodox Communist Party circles, became divorced from any real commitment to the &#8216;Maximum Programme&#8217;. The term \u2018immediate demands\u2019 is also used in preference to the use of the Trotskyist term \u2018transitional demands\u2019, especially by those from the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> tradition to try and glorify their support for routine Social Democratic\/trade union reforms. In the <acronym title=\"United Kingdom\">UK<\/acronym>, these have often buttressed Social Democratic politicians and trade union bureaucrats, rather than developing independent working class organisation. The appropriate time for a &#8216;Transitional Programme&#8217; is when there is a situation of Dual Power, which actually raises the possibility of an immediate transition towards socialism, the lower phase of communism.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_24');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_24\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">A noticeable feature of Alan McCombe\u2019s <cite>Downfall<\/cite> is the relative absence of any explanation for the changes in the politics of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>, or of the shifts that took place in trying to hold the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> together; along with the lack of any account of its two major offshoots &#8211; &#8216;Continuity <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>&#8216;\u00a0<cite>Frontline<\/cite> in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, and the Democratic Green Socialists in Solidarity. Instead this book concentrates on the thinking in the \u2018Inner Circle\u2019, reinforcing the view that this was the most significant group in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Alliance\">SSA<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership. <cite>Downfall<\/cite> has a particularly pained tone of anguish and betrayal, precisely because the initial split was not between organised tendencies, but between the previously very close individual members of <acronym title=\"Scottish Militant Labour\">SML<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> who made up this \u2018Inner Circle\u2019.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_25');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_25\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">In this process of moving away from old <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym> shibboleths, some former <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> members moved very far along these lines of thought. Onetime <acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym> socialist Feminists originally saw the Socialist Women\u2019s Network (<acronym title=\"Socialist Women\u2019s Network\">SWN<\/acronym>) as an autonomous group within the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, which included both socialist and radical Feminists. Following on from the brutal impact of Sheridan\u2019s misogynistic behaviour towards prominent women comrades and other women, in his two trials, key <acronym title=\"Socialist Women\u2019s Network\">SWN<\/acronym> members seemed to move over to a position of advocating radical Feminist organisational separatism. They showed increased hostility towards socialist Feminists in the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> who differed from them.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_26');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_26\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">It was acknowledged by most of the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, including its leadership, that not all the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> platforms behaved as sects. The <acronym title=\"Republican Communist Network\">RCN<\/acronym> was able to provide an example of principled platform behaviour. This contributed to the 2009 post-split <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> Conference decision to unanimously reject the ending of platforms, despite many <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members having bad experiences of the sectarian antics of the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> and the <acronym title=\"Committee for a Workers' International\">CWI<\/acronym>.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_27');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_27\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">When the <acronym title=\"Republican Communist Network\">RCN<\/acronym> brought a motion to conference calling for no support to be given to \u2018party\u2019-front organisations (such as the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> constantly promote), but only to bona fide, democratically-organised, united front campaigns, the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership would not publicly identify with it because of the diplomatic deals they had made with the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>. Fortunately, Jim McVicar (<acronym title=\"International Socialist Movement\">ISM<\/acronym>\/<cite>Frontline<\/cite>) broke ranks and gave it his support. The motion was carried by a substantial majority.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_28');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_28\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">However, Jim Bollan, <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, the sole remaining openly socialist councillor in Scotland today, has remained committed to principled class politics. He was suspended for six months from West Dunbartonshire Council, by the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> leadership, for his tireless activity in support of his overwhelmingly working class constituents fighting cuts to their services. He had the backing of Clydebank Trades Council for his stance. He continues to defy the council\u2019s imposed cuts budget.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_29');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_29\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">see:-\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/scottishsocialistparty.org\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.scottishsocialistparty.org\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_30');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_30\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Youth\">SSY<\/acronym> supported Anti-Fascist Alliance challenge to Unite Against Fascism (<acronym title=\"Unite Against Fascism\">UAF<\/acronym>), which is one of the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>\u2019s several front organisations. <acronym title=\"Unite Against Fascism\">UAF<\/acronym> attempted, both in Glasgow and Edinburgh, to divert anti-fascist protestors from directly confronting the <acronym title=\"Scottish Defence League\">SDL<\/acronym> to attending tame rallies, addressed by then Scottish Tory leader, Annabel Goldie (!), well away from the Fascist mobilisations. However, neither did the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> leadership give a clear call to other <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members as to where they should be\u00a0(although to Frances&#8217; credit, she\u00a0was there directly opposing the <acronym title=\"Scottish Defence League\">SDL<\/acronym> in Edinburgh).<\/p>\n<p>The <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Youth\">SSY<\/acronym> also formed a prominent part in the Hetherington Occupation, which was a very significant contribution to the Student Revolt, which first developed in 2011.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_31');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_31\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The lack of any leadership public response to the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym>\u2019s proposed anti-\u2018sectarian\u2019 bill highlights the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>\u2019s continued reluctance to get involved in taking a principled position against British Loyalist, anti-Irish racism, which it believes could negatively affect its electoral chances, particularly in Glasgow.\u00a0To his credit, Graeme McIver of the <acronym title=\"Democratic Green Socialists\">DGS<\/acronym>, and a prominent member of what is left of Solidarity, has publicly posted a good contribution on this issue on their website.<\/p>\n<p>see:- <span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/www.democraticgreensocialist.org\/wordpress\/?page_id=1448<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_32');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_32\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u2018Forgive and forget\u2019, though, does represent a small advance on the \u2018Don\u2019t forgive, don\u2019t forget\u2019 tendencies found in both the <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> and Solidarity. In reacting to Sheridan\u2019s anti-party and highly personalised attacks upon leading <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members, some have become involved in actions which should have been publicly rejected by the party, e.g. George McNeilage\u2019s selling of the \u2018Tommy Tape\u2019 to the <cite>News of the World<\/cite>, and Frances\u2019s not surprisingly unsuccessful resort to the bourgeois court to clear her name over Tommy\u2019s ridiculous \u201cscab\u201d accusation in the <cite>Daily Record<\/cite>.<\/p>\n<p>However, these mistakes have been dwarfed by the conduct of certain Sheridanistas. Some Solidarity members and Galloway (during his Holyrood election campaign, whilst courting Solidarity support) have encouraged violent\u00a0attacks directed against <acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym> members.<\/p>\n<p>also see:-<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/2011\/05\/19\/a-reply-to-james-turleys-whose-afraid-of-george-galloway\/\">A Reply to James Turley\u2019s \u2018Who\u2019s Afraid of George Galloway\u2019?<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_33');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_33\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">This may cause some difficulties for <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> supporters in Scotland, since the <acronym title=\"International Socialist Group\">ISG<\/acronym>\u2019s leader, Chris Bambery was very much involved in supporting the <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym>\u2019s anti-Galloway breakaway from Respect, which was opposed by <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>&#8211;<acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym> at the time. The <acronym title=\"International Socialist Group\">ISG<\/acronym> also gave its support to the virulently anti-<acronym title=\"Scottish Socialist Party\">SSP<\/acronym>, pro-Union Galloway (nominally Respect) candidate, in the May 2011 Holyrood election. Political consistency has never been a strong point for those from the old <acronym title=\"Socialist Workers Party\">SWP<\/acronym> tradition!<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps, political differences may develop between the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym> and the Scottish <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym> group such as undoubtedly exist between the <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>\/<acronym title=\"Socialist Resistance\">SR<\/acronym> and <acronym title=\"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\">USFI<\/acronym>\/Socialist Democracy (Ireland).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_2895_1_34');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_2895_1_34\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Labour-supporting trade union leaders in Scotland condemned the <acronym title=\"Scottish National Party\">SNP<\/acronym> <acronym title=\"Members of the Scottish Parliament\">MSPs<\/acronym> who crossed the Holyrood picket line on November 30<sup>th<\/sup>, but remained absolutely silent about Miliband and all those New Labour MPs who turned up at Westminster. Here Cameron was quick to highlight Miliband\u2019s earlier publicly declared opposition to the strike.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_2895_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_2895_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_2895_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_2895_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_2895_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_2895_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_2895_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_2895_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_2895_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_2895_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_2895_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_2895_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_2895_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_2895_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>INTRODUCTION The rise and initial success of the Scottish Socialist Party (SSP), between 1998-2004, was a significant historical event, not only for the history of the Left in Scotland (with knock-on effects in the UK and Europe), but also in the wider world of Scottish politics. It is therefore vital that we account for this&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1852,1854],"tags":[230,236,834],"class_list":["post-2895","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-how-communists-organise","category-the-left-crisis","tag-author-allan-armstrong","tag-author-bob-goupillot","tag-author-iain-robertson"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"views":29152,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2895","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2895"}],"version-history":[{"count":92,"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2895\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18222,"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2895\/revisions\/18222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2895"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2895"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/republicancommunist.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2895"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}